Oral cavity is a hub of micro organisms by default, there are huge number of bacteria in the oral cavity some of which are beneficial while some are harmful. The presence and increase of different types of bacteria in the oral cavity depends on the oral and general health of the person. There are various micro-organisms in the oral cavity and more than 700 bacterial species have been detected in the oral cavity through cultivation.
In the normal healthy people who have been tested for the micro organisms specific sites have been analyzed for the bacteria. From the various sites tested there were certain species of bacteria which were seen in all sites – Gemella Granulicatella, Streptococcus and Veillonella.
List of sites tested for normal bacteria in healthy oral cavity –
- Tongue Dorsum
- Lateral sides of tongue
- Buccal epithelium
- Hard palate
- Soft palate
- Supragingival plaque of tooth surfaces
- Subgingival plaque
- Maxillary anterior vestibule
- Tonsils
In every healthy oral cavity there is a proverbial bacterial biofilm detected and these bacteria have been seen to be linked to certain oral diseases or conditions like – Caries, Periodontitis, Gingivitis etc. Along with the bacteria being seen in Oral conditions, there are specific oral bacteria which have been linked to specific systemic diseases such as – bacterial endocarditis, aspiration pneumonia, osteomyelitis in children, preterm low birth weight and cardiovascular disease.
Bacteria found in healthy / Normal Oral cavity:
- Anaerobic Streptococcus
- Peptostreptococci
- Veillonella
- Lactobacillus
- Actinomyces
- Streptococcus mutans
Micro-organisms seen in Dental Caries: Streptococcus mutans
Micro-organisms seen in Gingivitis and Periodontitis: Anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli
Micro-organisms seen in Hospitilized patients and elderly: Aerobic Gram-negative bacilli
Micro-organisms seen in Pericoronitis: Peptostreptococci, Fusobacterium, Bacteroides
Periodontal Abscess and other Space infections: Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Capnocytophages
These are some of the numerous bacteria which have been cultured in the lab from the samples collected from normal or healthy oral cavity.
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