Radiographs are the most important Diagnostic aids in Dental practice using the help of which dentists decide the Treatment plan and can consider various options.
In Oral Surgery Radiographs play a vital role in determining the treatment plan.
Various Radiographic Techniques used in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and their Uses:
- Intraoral periapical View
- Occlusal View
- Orthopantamographs:
- Lateral Oblique View
- Water’s view or Occipitomental View
- Trans Orbital View
- Trans Cranial View
- Lateral Cephalogram
- Postero-Anterior view of Skull
- Sub-Mento Vertex View (Jug handle view)
- Chest X-ray
- Tomogram
Intraoral periapical View structures seen and its uses in Oral Surgery:
This Radiographic View is used whenthe following anatomic structures are to be considered fro treatment:
- Third Molar
- Periapical View of all the teeth in both the arches
- Periapical view of maxillary sinus relation to the teeth
- Fractured root apices
- dentoalveolar fractures
Occlusal View structures seen and its uses in Oral Surgery:
This the radiographic technique where the view is occlusal and the structures seen are:
- Mandibular floor of the mouth
- Lingual aspect of the mandibular lower arch contour and continuity of the Upper Arch
- Palatine Tori
- Tumors of the Mandibular arch
- To Locate the presence of foreign bodies in the lower arch
- To confirm the presence of exact position of the foreign body weather Buccal or Lingual
- To determine bucco lingual position of impacted tooth
- To determine expansion of cortical plate
- Evaluation of fracture of jaws with displacement
Structures seen in Orthopantamograph and its uses in Oral Surgery:
With this radiograph you can view both the mandibular and maxillary arches which will be shown in buccal view and the following structures can be viewed with this radiograph:
- Temporo Mandibular Joint
- Posterior and Anterior Border Of Ramus
- Ramus of Mandible
- Angle of Mandible
- Body Of Mandible
- Continuity of inferior border of Mandible
- Pterygomandibular fissures
- Maxillary Tuberosity
- Maxillary Sinuses
- Teeth
- Will be very helpful in determining the fractures in Ramus, angle and body of mandible
Lateral Oblique View structures seen and its uses in Oral Surgery:
- Mandibular Ramus Projection demonstrates mandibular Ramus from angle to condyle
- Third molars of maxilla and mandible
- Mandibular body projection demonstrates the premolar – molar region and inferior border of mandible
Water’s view or Occipitomental View structures seen and its uses in Oral Surgery:
This Radiographic view gives you a very detailed view of all the sinuses, introduced by Water hence named Water’s view. The various structures which can be viewed are:
- Maxillary Sinus
- Frontal Sinus
- Ethmoidal Sinus
- Frontozygomatic suture
- Infra and supra orbital rims
- Nasal Cavity
- Position of coronoid process of mandible between maxilla and zygomatic arch
Trans Orbital View structures seen and its uses in Oral Surgery:
Also called as Zimmer or Transmaxillary projection which is mainly concentrating on the TMJ. The following structures are visible.
- Mandibular condylar neck
- Used for diagnosis of Sub-condylar fractures
- Latero medial articulating surfaces of the condyle and articular eminence and condylar neck can be seen
Trans Cranial View structures seen and its uses in Oral Surgery:
The structures which can be seen to determine the treatment plan are:
- Glenoid Fossa
- Articular Eminence
- Condylar head
- The relation of Articular eminence to Condylar head
- This technique is taken in 2 aspects one with clsed mouth and the other with an open mouth to determine
- TMJ joint internal derangements
- TMJ Dislocation and
- TMJ Subluxation
Lateral Cephalogram structures seen and its uses in Oral Surgery:
It is a technique where the radiograph is taken from the side to view the following structures:
- Skull
- Facial Bones
- Paranasal Sinus
- Hard Palate
- Nasopharyngeal tissue
- Soft Tissue Orifices of Face
Postero-Anterior view of Mandible structures seen and its uses in Oral Surgery:
The structures seen are
- Body of mandible
- Inferior and Anterior vorder of Ramus
- Condylar Neck
- Nasal Cavity
Postero-Anterior view of Skull structures seen and its uses in Oral Surgery:
- Skull
- Frontal Sinus
- Ethoidal Sinuses
- Nasal Fossa
- Orbits
Sub-Mento Vertex View (Jug handle view) structures seen and its uses in Oral Surgery:
The various structes which can be viewed to proceed with the treatment plan are:
- Base of Skull
- Position and orientation od condyle
- Sphenoid sinus
- Inferior border of mandible
- Lateral wall of maxillary sinus
- Zygomatic arch
- Lateral pterygoid plates
- Foramina at the base of skull
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