Dental Caries as described earlier is an irreversible microbial disease of the calcified tissues of the teeth, characterized by de-mineralization of the inorganic portion and destruction of the organic substance of the tooth. Caries when translated in Latin means ‘rot’ or ‘decay’ and Dental Caries means rotten or decayed teeth. Dental Caries was not seen […]
Cherubism
Definition: It is a autosomal dominant fibro-osseous benign hereditary condition which affects only the jaw bones and it is characterized by “bilaterally symmetrical enlargement” of mandible sometimes maxilla. Pathogenesis: Cherubism is a hereditary disease which is histologically similar to Central Giant cell granuloma occurs due to the following reasons: Differential Diagnosis: Giant Cell Granulomas of […]
Verrucous Carcinoma
Verrucous Carcinoma Definition: Verrucous Carcinoma is a diffuse papillary, non metastasizing, well differentiated malignant neoplasm of the oral epithelium. Synonyms: Ackerman’s tumor. Etiology: Tobacco Chewing Snuff dipping habits – Moistened smokeless tobacco Clinical Features: Age: Above 60 yrs Sex: Males > Females Site/Location: Most common: Gingiva, alveloar mucosa and buccal mucosa Less common: Floor of […]
Acidogenic Theory or Chemicoparasitic theory of Dental Caries
Acidogenic Theory or the Chemicoparasitic theory explained by D Miller about the Etiology of Dental caries is the most widely accepted and most useful, which helps you understand the actual cause of Caries. This theory is a blend of 2 theories explained in the earlier parts of 1800’s – Chemicoparasitic Theory: Chemical Theory + Parasitic […]
Leukoedema
Leukoedema: Abnormality of the Buccal Mucosa which clinically resembles Leukoplakia . Differential Diagnosis: White spongy Nevus Frictional Keratosis Witkop’s Disease Clinical Features: Early stage: Filmy opalescence of the mucosa Later stages: Grayish-white cast with a coarsely wrinkled surface Location: Most of buccal mucosa extending onto the Lips, Seen noticeable along the occlusal line in bicuspid […]
Oral Submucous Fibrosis
Definition of Oral Precancerous Condition: A generalised pathological state of the oral mucosa associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer. Oral Submucous Fibrosis: a chronic debilitating disease of the oral cavity characterized by inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the sub mucosal tissues. Clinical Features: Early OSF-Prodromal symptoms: Burning sensation in the mouth on consuming spicy food, Blisters on the […]
Erythroplakia
Erythroplakia: Rare condition which is most likely to develop into a malignancy, as it is associated with histologic premalignant changes. Def: Lesions of the oral mucosa that present as bright red velvety plaques which cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other condition. Synonyms: Erythroplasia Erythroplasia of Queyrat Almost all true erythroplakias demonstrate significant […]
Keratoacanthoma
Keratoacanthoma is a self limiting, epithelial prolieration with a strong clinical and histopathologic similarity to well differentiated squamous carcinoma. Some consider it as a Cutaneous lesion presumably arise from the infundibulum of hair follicles. Intra Oral lesions are rare but have been seen. It is a common low grade malignancy that origanates in the pilo […]
Squamous Papilloma
It is a type of Benign Tumor of Epithelial Tissue origin. The Squamous papilloma is associated with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) types 6, 11. This Tumor is of low virulance i.e it is not contagious. Differential Diagnosis: Veruca Vulgaris Focal Papillary Hyperplasia Clinical Features: The Papilloma shows Exophytic growth. Numerous small finger like projections which […]
Benign Tumors of Epithelial Origin
The benign tumors are a result of non harmful or non malignant uncontrolled multiplication of cells, which form a mass and are considered as tumours. Benign tumours do not have the ability to metastasize to other regions of the body or to invade any adjacent tissue and they grow in size at the location which they […]
Tumors of the Oral Cavity
Tumours are in general uncontrolled multiplication of cells which result in a tumour. The origin or the tumours can be any of the four mentioned below like Epithelial, Connective tissue, Muscle tissue or Nerve tissue and the tumours can be Benign or Malignant based on various factors. It is important to identify the tumours in […]
Microdontia – Developmental Disturbances in Size of teeth
In the developmental disturbances of teeth as you have seen in the classification we have 2 types: Microdontia Macrodontia We are going to discuss in detail about Microdontia here: Microdontia: It is defined as the size of theeth which is smaller than normal (or) outside the normal range of teeth size. Microdontia is again divided […]
Developmental Disturbances in Teeth
Developmental disturbances of teeth means any abnormality of the teeth where the pathology starts in the embryonic stage of human life, during the formation of the dentition. Developmental disturbances are caused due to multiple factors like Trauma during development, tumor in the pitutary gland, heriditary, hormonal imbalances dueing development etc. Developmental disturbances in teeth are […]
Dilaceration
Dilaceration is the anamolie in the tooth shape and its structure and it refers to a sharp bend in the tooth which can be in the crown portion or in the root, making sharp angles at the junction of the crown and root. The abnormal Angulation may be present anywhere along the the length of […]